Moisturizers can maintain the integrity and water content of skin. The formulations of moisturizers contain humectant, occlusive and emollient ingredients.
The humectant agents, such as urea, hyaluronic acid, glycerol, and propylene glycol contribute to attract water from the dermis into the epidermis. The occlusive agents, such as mineral oil, silicone derivatives, petrolatum, squalene, and paraffin, may retard evaporation and prevent water loss. The emollients can improve the skin appearance. Moisturizers can be applied as adjunctive therapy for enhancing the management of some skin conditions with the clinical effect of epidermal skin barrier repair.
It was well known that moisturizers are essential for patients with atopic dermatitis, and useful for patients with rosacea and sensitive skin. Moisturizers are also helpful in the scenario of acne. Many topical agents, including benzoyl peroxide, retinoids and salicylic acid have therapeutic effects in managing acne, but may cause irritation and dryness of the skin. Moisturizers can alleviate the adverse effect and improve compliance in patients, and can be formulated with anti-inflammatory and anti-acne ingredients.
The primary goals of usage of moisturizer are to keep skin integrity by reducing trans-epidermal water loss, holding epidermal water content, and facilitating barrier repair. Current moisturizers have versatile roles in the management of many dermatologic problems, such as atopic dermatitis, rosacea, sensitive skin, and acne vulgaris.
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this work was not supported by any direct or non direct funding. it is under the author's own responsability
